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Permeability of Concrete

Permeability of Concrete

Permeability in the context of concrete refers to how easily liquids or gases can pass through the material. This quality is crucial for assessing the water-tightness and durability of concrete structures and their resistance to chemical attacks. Concrete permeability can be determined through comparative laboratory tests. These tests typically involve sealing a concrete specimen from the sides, applying water pressure to the top surface with pressure, and measuring the amount of water passing...

Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete

Waterproofing and Anti-Bacterial Admixtures in Concrete

Concrete's susceptibility to water absorption is due to the capillary action within the pores of its hydrated cement paste. This action draws water in, creating the need for waterproofing admixtures to prevent such penetration. The efficacy of these admixtures is contingent upon the water pressure, with variations arising from different conditions such as rain, capillary rise, or hydrostatic pressure in structures intended to hold water.
Waterproofing admixtures render concrete hydrophobic,...

Air-entraining Agents

Air-entraining Agents

Air-entraining agents improve the durability and workability of concrete in climates with frequent freezing and thawing. These agents prevent cracks by introducing small air bubbles into the mix, creating spaces accommodating water expansion when temperatures drop. The air-entraining agents lower the surface tension of water, forming stable, small air bubbles. This method is more effective than having accidental large voids, as the intentional, smaller, and evenly distributed air voids improve...

Curing Methods

Curing Methods

Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

Porosity and Absorption of Aggregate

Aggregates contain pores of varying sizes; while some are completely enclosed within the particles, others open onto the surface, allowing water to penetrate. The porosity of aggregates is a major factor contributing to the overall porosity of concrete, given that aggregates constitute about three-quarters of concrete's volume.
When all pores in an aggregate are filled with water, the aggregate is considered saturated and surface-dry. If left in dry air, water will evaporate until the aggregate...

Thermal Insulation in Masonry Walls

Thermal Insulation in Masonry Walls

In hot, dry climates, the thermal mass of masonry walls can be beneficial, absorbing heat during the day and releasing it at night, thereby stabilizing indoor temperatures. However, in most other climates, additional insulation is necessary to enhance thermal resistance.
External insulation can be applied using an Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS), which involves affixing panels of plastic foam to the wall and covering them with a polymeric stucco reinforced with glass fiber mesh.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports

Deposition of Porous Sorbents on Fabric Supports

Published on: June 12, 2018

Composition for impregnating building materials to decrease their gas permeability.

Renat R Khaydarov¹, Olga U Gapurova¹

¹Institute of Nuclear Physics, Academy of Science of Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering

|June 9, 2026

Summary

This study introduces a novel organosilicon treatment to reduce building material gas permeability, enhancing durability and air quality. Preliminary tests show promising results for blocking hazardous soil gases like radon.

Keywords:

Gas permeability alkyltriethoxysilane hydrolysate (ATES)hydrolytic polycondensation organosilicon composition polyethylhydride siloxane (PEHS)radon mitigation

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Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion

Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion

Published on: September 12, 2019

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Building Science
Environmental Science

Background:

Gas permeability in building materials impacts structural integrity, energy efficiency, and indoor air quality.
Controlling gas diffusion is crucial for mitigating risks from soil gases like radon (222Rn).

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate a novel penetrative organosilicon composition for reducing the gas permeability of concrete and gypsum.
To assess the potential of this treatment for blocking hazardous soil gases.

Main Methods:

A novel composition based on polyethylhydride siloxane (PEHS) and alkyltriethoxysilane (ATES) hydrolysate was developed.
Layer-by-layer treatment was applied to building materials.
Experimental measurements using air and argon determined the gas impermeability coefficient (K0/Kt).
Pilot field tests were conducted in residential buildings.

Main Results:

The optimized treatment significantly increased the gas impermeability coefficient.
Findings suggest theoretical potential for blocking gases based on molecular size, including radon.
Initial pilot field tests showed promising results.

Conclusions:

The organosilicon treatment offers a potential method for reducing gas permeability in building materials.
Further extensive long-term evaluations and direct radon diffusion studies are necessary to validate efficacy and durability.