[Perioperative complications during transvenous pacemaker and defibrillator implantation]

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Medical Devices
• Surgical Complications

Background:

• Cardiovascular implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) are crucial for managing cardiac conditions.
• Despite advancements, perioperative complications remain a significant concern, affecting 2-11% of transvenous CIED implantations.
• These complications can negatively impact patient prognosis and increase healthcare costs.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a structured overview of significant perioperative complications associated with CIED implantation.
• To discuss practical strategies for the prevention, early detection, and management of these complications.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on perioperative complications of CIED implantation.
• Structured analysis of reported complication types and their incidence.
• Synthesis of evidence-based preventive and management strategies.

Main Results:

• Key complications include vascular injuries, thrombosis, pneumothorax, hemothorax, lead perforation, tricuspid valve dysfunction, lead dislodgement, and infections.
• Unrecognized malposition of right ventricular leads in the left ventricle is a critical concern.
• Pocket hematomas and device-related infections are also frequently reported.

Conclusions:

• Meticulous procedural planning and adherence to preventive measures are essential for improving safety and outcomes.
• Early detection and appropriate management are crucial for mitigating the impact of CIED-related complications.
• Given increasing procedure numbers and patient complexity, focus on safety is paramount.