Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Signs of Puberty01:27

Signs of Puberty

Puberty is a critical phase, typically beginning between the ages of 8 and 13 in girls and 9 and 14 in boys, though timing can vary based on genetics, environmental factors, and overall health. This period is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the attainment of reproductive potential. Endocrine changes underpin puberty, with hormonal surges of Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) instigated by Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)...
Nature and Nurture01:10

Nature and Nurture

Many human characteristics, like height, are shaped by both nature—in other words, by our genes—and by nurture, or our environment. For example, chronic stress during childhood inhibits the production of growth hormones and consequently reduces bone growth and height. Scientists estimate that 70-90% of variation in height is due to genetic differences among individuals, and 10-30% of variation in height is due to differences in the environments that individuals experience, such as differences...
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Latency01:16

Psychosexual Stages of Personality: Latency

Following the phallic stage in Freud's theory of psychosexual development, children enter a phase called the latency period, which lasts from approximately six to twelve years of age. Unlike earlier stages, where sexual impulses played a central role, Freud believed these impulses are repressed during the latency period, becoming part of the unconscious. This stage is often described as a time of psychological calm after the turbulence of the phallic stage.
The latency period is not considered...
Psychosexual Theory of Development01:14

Psychosexual Theory of Development

Sigmund Freud's psychosexual theory of development suggests that early childhood experiences significantly shape personality and behavior. Freud proposed that development is discontinuous, occurring in five distinct stages, each defined by a focus on different erogenous zones. He believed that failure to resolve the conflicts specific to each stage successfully could result in fixation, potentially influencing behavior as adults.
The Five Stages of Psychosexual Development
Freud's psychosexual...
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses a challenge in...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Technical Note: Experimental characterization of the dose deposition in parallel MRI-linacs at various magnetic field strengths.

Medical physics·2019
Same author

Comprehensive immune characterization and T-cell receptor repertoire heterogeneity of retroperitoneal liposarcoma.

Cancer science·2019
Same author

Fibroin/peptide co-functionalized calcium titanate nanorods improve osteoinductivity of titanium via mimicking osteogenic niche.

Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications·2019
Same author

Association of School Residential PM<sub>2.5</sub> with Childhood High Blood Pressure: Results from an Observational Study in 6 Cities in China.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2019
Same author

Role of tri-ponderal mass index in cardio-metabolic risk assessment in children and adolescents: compared with body mass index.

International journal of obesity (2005)·2019
Same author

Effect of Overweight and Obesity on High Blood Pressure in Chinese Children and Adolescents.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
06:38

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Published on: October 13, 2018

Prepubertal Growth Trajectory and Pubertal Onset.

Rui Deng1, Weiqin Li2, Jiali Duan1

  • 1Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China.

JAMA Network Open
|June 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Children with higher body mass index (BMI) trajectories and cumulative adiposity exposure experience earlier puberty. Ages 3 to 4 years are a sensitive period for weight intervention to monitor pubertal timing.

More Related Videos

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 10, 2026

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats
06:38

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Published on: October 13, 2018

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model
08:03

Midface Hypoplasia and Cranial Base Morphology in Syndromic Craniosynostosis: A Comparative Analysis Study Using a Predictive Regression Model

Published on: November 4, 2025

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Growth and Development
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Adiposity is linked to earlier pubertal timing, but previous pediatric studies often used limited body mass index (BMI) measurements.
  • Longitudinal studies tracking growth from birth through puberty are crucial for understanding adiposity's impact on pubertal development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between prepubertal growth trajectories, cumulative adiposity exposure (CEA), and the timing of pubertal onset.
  • To identify sensitive developmental periods for potential weight interventions aimed at influencing pubertal timing.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from two population-based birth cohorts: the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC) and the Tianjin Birth Cohort Study (TBCS).
  • Employed latent class growth mixed models to define prepubertal BMI trajectories and regression models to analyze associations with pubertal onset.
  • Included children with at least 4 (LSAC) or 9 (TBCS) anthropometric measures and completed pubertal onset data.

Main Results:

  • Higher BMI trajectories and greater cumulative adiposity exposure (CEA) were associated with earlier pubertal onset and increased risk, particularly in girls.
  • Aged 3 to 4 years emerged as a sensitive period, where increased BMI was significantly linked to earlier pubertal timing and higher onset risk.
  • Findings were consistent in Australian boys but varied in Chinese boys; higher CEA showed a stronger effect on pubertal timing within the sensitive age window.

Conclusions:

  • Prepubertal growth patterns and cumulative adiposity significantly influence the timing and risk of pubertal onset.
  • The period between ages 3 and 4 years represents a critical window for monitoring and potential intervention regarding early pubertal development.
  • These findings underscore the importance of managing adiposity in early childhood to influence pubertal trajectories.