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Spatial Correlation Between Neighborhood Characteristics and Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) Availability in

¹Department of Social Welfare, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, South Korea.

Journal of Aging & Social Policy

|June 9, 2026

Summary

Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) improve older adult well-being but vary regionally. This study found population density correlates with HCBS availability, though Southside Virginia faces disparities despite an older population.

Keywords:

HCBS availability neighborhood characteristics older Virginians spatial correlation

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Public Health
Health Services Research

Background:

Home and Community-Based Services (HCBS) are vital for older adults' health.
Significant regional disparities exist in HCBS availability.
Neighborhood characteristics can influence HCBS access.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the spatial correlation between neighborhood characteristics and HCBS availability in Virginia.
To identify regional disparities in HCBS access.

Main Methods:

Utilized data from the National Neighborhood Data Archive (NaNDA) and Senior Navigator.
Conducted spatial correlation analysis between neighborhood factors and HCBS availability.

Main Results:

A positive correlation was observed between population density and HCBS availability in most regions.
Southside Virginia exhibited lower HCBS availability, particularly concerning its older adult population.
Identified significant spatial disparities in HCBS access across Virginia.

Conclusions:

Policymakers must consider spatial distribution and neighborhood characteristics for equitable HCBS resource allocation.
Addressing disparities in Southside Virginia is crucial for supporting its aging population.
Future resource allocation should prioritize areas with high need and low availability.