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Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Pinching-off of Coated Vesicles

Vesicle budding is orchestrated by distinct cytosolic proteins such as adaptor proteins, coat proteins, and GTPases. To initiate vesicle budding, membrane-bending proteins containing crescent-shaped BAR domains bind to the lipid heads in the bilayer and distort the membrane to form a protein-coated vesicle bud. Adaptors proteins such as AP2 for clathrin-coated vesicles can nucleate on the deformed membrane. Finally, coat proteins such as clathrin or COPI and COPII assemble into a coat forming...

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Microtubule Associated Motor Proteins

Eukaryotic cells have different motor proteins for transporting various cargo within the cell. These motor proteins differ based on the filament they associate with, the direction they move within the cell, and the type of cargo they transport. Motor proteins that associate with microtubules are known as microtubule-associated motor proteins. There are two families of microtubule-associated motor proteins —Kinesins and Dyneins. Both these proteins assist in the transport of cellular cargos...

Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane

Protein Transport to the Inner Chloroplast Membrane

Proteins targeted to the inner chloroplast membrane, or plastid proteins, are transported by two general pathways: the stop-transfer and the re-insertion or post-import pathways. Most plastid proteins carry N-terminal transit sequences and internal import sequences targeting it to the specific chloroplast subcompartment. Proteins targeted by the stop-transfer pathway have internal hydrophobic sequences that inhibit their translocation into the stroma. As a result, these precursors are arrested...

COP Coated Vesicles

COP Coated Vesicles

Membrane-enclosed structures called vesicles transport proteins and lipids across the cell. The vesicles derive their cargo from the plasma membrane, Golgi, ER, or endosome. Coated vesicles are spherical, protein-coated carriers with a 50–100 nm diameter that mediate bidirectional transport between the ER and the Golgi. The distribution of proteins between the ER and Golgi complex is dynamic and is maintained by different coated vesicles. Their formation is driven by the assembly of different...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Visualizing Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of G Protein-coupled Receptors at Single-event Resolution via TIRF Microscopy

Visualizing Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of G Protein-coupled Receptors at Single-event Resolution via TIRF Microscopy

Published on: October 20, 2014

Mechanistic Insight Into Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants.

Tingyu Zhu^1,2, Ive De Smet^1,2, Daniël Van Damme^1,2

¹Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.

Traffic (Copenhagen, Denmark)

|June 9, 2026

Summary

Plant endocytosis, or clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME), uses unique protein complexes like AP-2 and TPC. This review details plant CME mechanisms, highlighting differences from other eukaryotes.

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Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Visualizing Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of G Protein-coupled Receptors at Single-event Resolution via TIRF Microscopy

Visualizing Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of G Protein-coupled Receptors at Single-event Resolution via TIRF Microscopy

Published on: October 20, 2014

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

In vivo and in vitro Studies of Adaptor-clathrin Interaction

Published on: January 26, 2011

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Image-Based Methods to Study Membrane Trafficking Events in Stomatal Lineage Cells

Published on: May 12, 2023

Area of Science:

Plant cell biology
Molecular and Cellular Biology

Background:

Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is a fundamental cellular process conserved across eukaryotes.
Plant endocytic machinery exhibits unique features compared to yeast and animal systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To provide a comprehensive review of clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in plants.
To highlight recent mechanistic insights and compare plant CME with other model organisms.

Main Methods:

Literature review focusing on plant endocytosis research.
Comparative analysis of molecular machinery and regulatory mechanisms.

Main Results:

Plant CME involves distinct protein complexes, including the Adaptor protein 2 (AP-2) complex and the TPLATE complex (TPC).
Plants utilize two types of dynamin-related proteins and do not rely on the actin cytoskeleton for membrane bending initiation.
Phosphorylation and ubiquitination play crucial roles in cargo sorting and endocytic dynamics in plants, differing from canonical linear motifs.

Conclusions:

Plant CME is a complex process with unique molecular players and regulatory strategies.
Understanding plant-specific CME mechanisms offers insights into evolutionary divergence and fundamental cellular processes.