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Creating Objects and Object Categories for Studying Perception and Perceptual Learning
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Published on: November 2, 2012

Shape-similarity gain: A selection profile for simple objects.

Brendan Valentine1, Xiaoli Zhang2, Taosheng Liu2

  • 1Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, 316 Physics Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA. valen207@msu.edu.

Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
|June 9, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals a shape-similarity gain effect for complex stimuli, similar to feature-similarity gain in attention. Performance peaks when target shapes are similar, decreasing as they diverge.

Keywords:
Attention: SelectiveAttention: object-basedSimilarity

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual Perception

Background:

  • Attention research has identified selection profiles, like feature-similarity gain, for simple stimuli.
  • It remains unclear if complex stimuli exhibit similar attentional selection patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the selection profile for simple shapes within a defined shape space.
  • To determine if a shape-similarity gain effect operates for complex stimuli, analogous to feature-similarity gain.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a change identification task on target shapes while ignoring distractors.
  • The difference between two target shapes in a circular shape space was systematically varied across two experiments.

Main Results:

  • Performance accuracy was highest when the two target shapes matched.
  • Accuracy decreased monotonically as the difference between target shapes increased.

Conclusions:

  • Results support a shape-similarity gain effect for complex stimuli, analogous to feature-similarity gain.
  • Shape-based selection appears to operate within an intrinsic similarity space, modulated by top-down attention.