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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy

Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the colonic...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
The exact cause of IBD remains unclear, although it is believed to be due to a mix of genetic, environmental, microbial, and immune factors. Genetic factors are significant in determining susceptibility to IBD, with family history being a critical risk factor. Individuals with a first-degree relative who has IBD are at...
Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS01:21

Drugs for Treatment of Constipation-Predominant IBS

Pharmacological therapies for IBS-C are designed to alleviate abdominal discomfort and enhance bowel function. In patients with IBS-C, fiber supplements may help soften stools and decrease straining, but may also lead to increased gas production and bloating. Osmotic laxatives like milk of magnesia are frequently used to soften stools and increase stool frequency in IBS-C patients. In addition, two drugs approved for use in severe IBS-C adult cases are linaclotide (Linzess) and lubiprostone...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
08:58

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

Published on: January 5, 2017

Intermittent fasting alleviates ulcerative colitis via lithocholic acid-mediated macrophage reprogramming.

Yujen Tseng1, Lingxi Lin1, Feng Ji1

  • 1Department of Digestive Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Aging and Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Intermittent fasting (IF) helps manage ulcerative colitis (UC) by boosting bile acid metabolism and increasing lithocholic acid (LCA). LCA reduces inflammation by reprogramming macrophages, offering a new therapeutic strategy for UC patients.

Keywords:
intermittent fastinglithocholic acidmacrophagemetabolic reprogrammingulcerative colitis

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis
08:58

Analyzing Beneficial Effects of Nutritional Supplements on Intestinal Epithelial Barrier Functions During Experimental Colitis

Published on: January 5, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Immunology
  • Metabolism

Background:

  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease.
  • Nutritional interventions, including intermittent fasting (IF), are explored for managing UC.
  • The interplay between bile acid metabolism and the immune system in UC is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of IF in alleviating experimental colitis.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying IF's effects on UC, focusing on bile acid metabolism and immune crosstalk.
  • To identify specific metabolites involved in IF-mediated anti-inflammatory responses.

Main Methods:

  • A 5:2 IF regimen was applied to a chronic colitis model.
  • Metabolomics and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to analyze bile acid flux and gut microbiota.
  • Mechanistic studies examined the impact of lithocholic acid (LCA) on macrophage polarization and metabolism.
  • UC patient data were analyzed to correlate LCA levels with disease parameters.

Main Results:

  • Intermittent fasting (IF) induced remission in experimental colitis.
  • IF modulated gut microbiota, increased bile acid metabolism, and elevated LCA levels.
  • Lithocholic acid (LCA) directly suppressed pro-inflammatory macrophages by enhancing mitochondrial respiration.
  • In UC patients, higher LCA levels correlated with reduced disease severity and inflammation markers.

Conclusions:

  • IF alleviates experimental colitis through enhanced bile acid metabolism and LCA production.
  • Elevated LCA exerts anti-inflammatory effects by modulating macrophage mitochondrial function.
  • LCA is identified as a key metabolite mediating the therapeutic benefits of IF in colitis.