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Updated: Jun 11, 2026

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

Published on: April 7, 2020

The association between perceived bedtime autonomy, sleep patterns, and daytime functioning in adolescents.

Sarah Hartley^1,2, Sylvie Royant-Parola¹, Sylvain Dagneaux¹

¹Réseau Morphée, Garches, France.

Frontiers in Sleep

|June 10, 2026

Summary

Adolescents with bedtime autonomy, especially total autonomy, experience more sleep deprivation. This autonomy significantly influences adolescent sleep duration and rhythms.

Keywords:

adolescent screen use sleep autonomy sleep duration social jetlag

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Human Circadian Phenotyping and Diurnal Performance Testing in the Real World

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Published on: April 7, 2020

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Collecting Sleep, Circadian, Fatigue, and Performance Data in Complex Operational Environments

Published on: August 8, 2019

Area of Science:

Adolescent Sleep Science
Chronobiology
Public Health

Background:

Adolescent sleep duration is influenced by fixed weekday wake times due to school schedules.
The role of bedtime autonomy in adolescent sleep patterns remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of bedtime autonomy on sleep duration and timing in adolescents.
To explore the relationship between bedtime autonomy and sleep deprivation, school night sleep restriction, and social jetlag.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional online survey of 2,512 adolescents (70% female, mean age 14.46).
Assessed bedtime autonomy (non-autonomous, weekend autonomy, total autonomy), sleep deprivation, school night sleep restriction, social jetlag, screen use, and psychological factors (anxiety, depression, sleepiness).

Main Results:

65% of adolescents had total autonomy (TA) over bedtime, 21% had weekend autonomy (WA), and 14% were non-autonomous (NA).
Autonomy increased with age and was more prevalent in females.
Potential sleep deprivation was linked to WA and more strongly to TA, while social jetlag was associated only with WA.

Conclusions:

Bedtime autonomy is a significant factor influencing adolescent sleep duration and sleep timing.
Increased bedtime autonomy, particularly total autonomy, is associated with greater sleep deprivation in adolescents.