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Lung cancer in never-smoking females: epidemiology, risk factors and screening
Yumeng Ding1,2, Huanqing Tao1,2, Chen Zhu1
1Department of Cancer Prevention, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
Abstract:
Although smoking is a well-established risk factor, lung cancer in never-smokers exhibits distinct epidemiological and biological characteristics. Globally, approximately two-thirds of lung cancer cases in never-smokers occur in females, with a higher prevalence observed in Asian populations. Understanding these epidemiological patterns and specific risk factors holds significant implications for informing effective prevention and control strategies. In addition, low-dose CT screening for never-smoking females remains controversial due to insufficient evidence to support its benefits and unresolved concerns about overdiagnosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of lung cancer among never-smoking females, synthesizing current evidence on its epidemiology, risk factors, and screening practices, thereby elucidating the multifaceted nature of lung cancer in this population and highlighting its implications for prevention, risk stratification, and future research priorities.
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