Mounier Kuhn Syndrome - A Case Report

Mounier Kuhn Syndrome (MKS) is a rare chronic condition characterized by dilatation of the trachea and the major bronchi. The clinical presentation is variable, ranging from asymptomatic mild symptoms to severe diseases that can result in death. MKS often presents with chronic cough, dyspnea, and recurrent upper respiratory tract infections. Radiological imaging is important in diagnosing the condition to identify dilatation of the trachea and major bronchi with posterior tracheal diverticuli. The HRCT scan modality clearly demonstrates these features radiologically. Bronchoscopy can be used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. HRCT is also used to evaluate potential complications. The treatment for symptomatic individuals is conservative management. In this report, we describe the case of a 50-year-old man who presented with a productive cough for three weeks associated with headache, vomiting, and dizziness. He was found to have a grade II digital clubbing. Chest HRCT revealed tracheobronchomegaly with posterior tracheal diverticuli and bilateral distal bronchiectasis. Diagnostic bronchoscopy revealed a widened trachea with a distorted webbed appearance of the posterior and lateral walls, and bronchial secretions in the left lower lobe. A biofire test for the pneumonia panel revealed an active Haemophilus influenzae infection. The patient also had a malarial co-infection prior to admission. The patient completed an antimalarial regimen, intravenous antibiotics, and mucolytics, and was discharged upon improvement.