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Related Concept Videos

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System01:26

Methods Of Healthcare Delivery System

At the different levels of the healthcare system, we see varying methods of healthcare used. These methods include managed care systems, case management, and primary healthcare.
Managed Care System:
The managed care system is designed to control the cost while maintaining the quality of care. The patient's care from admission to discharge is planned by the primary care provider or the case manager, also known as the gatekeeper. In a managed care system, the number of care providers is limited...
Introduction To Health Care Delivery System01:18

Introduction To Health Care Delivery System

The healthcare system is constantly changing and complex. Various services are available from different healthcare providers, but gaining access to these services has become challenging for people with limited healthcare insurance. Uninsured people present a challenge to healthcare because they frequently postpone or forego treatment.
The Institute of Medicine (IOM) advocates for a patient-centered, effective, safe, timely, equitable, and effective healthcare system. The National Priorities...
Primary Healthcare Services01:30

Primary Healthcare Services

Primary care promotes wellness and prevents disease. This care includes health promotion, education, protection (such as immunizations), early disease screening, and environmental considerations. Settings providing this type of healthcare include physician offices, public health clinics, school nursing, and community health nursing.
In 1978, international leaders convened in Alma-Ata, Kazakhstan, for what would be a pivotal event in global health. The Alma-Ata Declaration was the first to call...
Secondary Healthcare System01:11

Secondary Healthcare System

Secondary healthcare is offered by a specialist, generally in hospitals or clinics for patients referred by primary healthcare providers. It occurs when a person has an illness or injury that requires specific medical care. Secondary care is often referred to as acute care. Secondary care can range from uncomplicated care to repair a minor laceration or treat a strep throat infection to more complicated emergent care, such as treating a head injury sustained in an automobile accident. Whatever...
Integrated Healthcare System01:20

Integrated Healthcare System

An integrated healthcare system (IHS) is a set of organizations that provides for or arranges to provide coordinated and continuous service to a defined population. The IHS takes responsibility for that particular population's health status and outcome, both clinically and fiscally. An integrated healthcare system is a well-organized, well-coordinated, and collaborative network. The integrated delivery system is a network that connects different healthcare providers to deliver organized,...
Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System01:30

Health Information Technology and Healthcare Information System

Health Information Technology (HIT)
Health Information Technology, commonly called HIT, integrates advanced information systems and technology in healthcare settings. Its primary functions include:

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A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level
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A Point-of-Care Method with Integrated Decision Support Tool to Estimate Anemia at Population Level

Published on: January 19, 2024

Designing a minimum-cost health system for countrywide universal coverage.

João Flávio de Freitas Almeida1, Fabricio Oliveira2, Samuel Vieira Conceição1

  • 1Department of Industrial Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.

Health Systems (Basingstoke, England)
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Designing national health systems requires strategic planning for workforce, equipment, and costs. This study offers a model to optimize healthcare delivery and accessibility in diverse regions, aligning with global health goals.

Keywords:
Health care planningHealth economicsUniversal health coverageoptimization

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Area of Science:

  • Health Services Research
  • Health Policy
  • Healthcare Management

Background:

  • Achieving universal health coverage and system efficiency is crucial for national health systems.
  • Strategic planning for health infrastructure, workforce, and equipment is essential for long-term effectiveness.
  • Geographical context significantly impacts healthcare accessibility and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present a novel analysis and strategic planning tool for designing national health systems.
  • To assess projected health infrastructure and resources considering workforce, equipment, costs, and accessibility.
  • To evaluate health requirements in different geographical contexts, aligning with global health initiatives.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a strategic planning model for national health systems.
  • Integration of data from OECD, World Bank, OpenStreetMap, and national health statistics.
  • Application of the model to case studies in Brazil, Finland, and France.

Main Results:

  • Dispersed populations benefit from smaller healthcare facilities (hospitals, clinics, health centers).
  • Brazil requires increased health professionals, radiotherapy equipment, and logistics investment ($7.95 billion) to improve accessibility.
  • Finland needs more hospital beds and CT scanners; France could benefit from a centralized model with increased investment in nursing and mammography equipment.

Conclusions:

  • National health system design must consider geographical variations and population dispersion.
  • Tailored investments in infrastructure, workforce, and technology are necessary to enhance healthcare efficiency and accessibility.
  • The developed model provides a practical framework for medium- and long-term strategic health system planning.