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Secrecy performance analysis of NOMA-UWOC systems over a vertically stratified WGG oceanic turbulence channel.

Qian Hu, Ping Wang, Shuang Li

Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, Optics, Image Science, and Vision

|June 10, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study analyzes the security of underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). It provides insights into optimizing UWOC network security against various underwater channel impairments.

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Area of Science:

Optical Communications
Wireless Networking
Oceanic Engineering

Background:

Underwater wireless optical communication (UWOC) is crucial for high-speed, short-range underwater data transmission.
Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) enhances spectral efficiency in communication systems.
Oceanic channels present complex fading characteristics due to turbulence, stratification, and environmental factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a comprehensive secrecy performance analysis of a downlink NOMA-UWOC system.
To investigate the system's performance over a composite vertically stratified Weibull-generalized gamma (WGG) oceanic fading channel.
To evaluate the impact of various physical impairments on the system's security.

Main Methods:

Analytical derivation of Probability Density Function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF) for the WGG fading channel.
Development of analytical frameworks for secrecy outage probability, strictly positive secrecy capacity, and effective secrecy throughput.
Validation of analytical results using Monte Carlo simulations.

Main Results:

Closed-form expressions for key secrecy metrics were derived, considering path loss, turbulence, pointing errors, and angle-of-arrival fluctuations.
The analysis incorporated residual interference from imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC).
Investigated the influence of factors like thermohaline gradients, air bubbles, and transceiver misalignment on secrecy performance.

Conclusions:

The study provides a robust framework for evaluating NOMA-UWOC system security in realistic oceanic environments.
Results offer valuable insights for the practical deployment and optimization of secure underwater communication networks.
Understanding the impact of environmental factors and system imperfections is critical for enhancing UWOC security.