Related Concept Videos
01:22Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways
At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
02:00Photoreceptors and Plant Responses to Light
Light plays a significant role in regulating the growth and development of plants. In addition to providing energy for photosynthesis, light provides other important cues to regulate a range of developmental and physiological responses in plants.
02:16Light Acquisition
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.
02:26Photoelectric Effect
When light of a particular wavelength strikes a metal surface, electrons are emitted. This is called the photoelectric effect. The minimum frequency of light that can cause such emission of electrons is called the threshold frequency, which is specific to the metal. Light with a frequency lower than the threshold frequency, even if it is of high intensity, cannot initiate the emission of electrons. However, when the frequency is higher than the threshold value, the number of electrons ejected...
01:26Visual System
Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
01:24Vision
Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
You might also read
Related Articles
Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.
Sort by
Same author
Type I unconventional protein secretion of the SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein promotes inflammatory cytokine release.
Cell reports·2026
Same author
Coupled dual-channel memristors for hardware-native trustworthy Bayesian intelligence.
Nature communications·2026
Same author
Unlocking the performance limits of 2T0C DRAM with Ω-shaped-gated single-crystal In<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> FETs.
Science advances·2026
Same author
Valorization of the cauliflower mushroom (<i>Sparassis latifolia</i>) pseudosclerotia via ultrasound-assisted extraction of polysaccharides: Optimization, characterization and bioactivity evaluation.
Food chemistry: X·2026
Same author
Superior Benzene Catalytic Oxidation over Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Catalysts with Oxygen Vacancy-Rich Co Sites.
Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author
Regularized Tensor Quantile Regression With Applications to Neuroimaging Data Analysis.
Statistics in medicine·2026
Same journal
Inherent Microstructural Engineering: Tailoring Amorphous-Nanocrystalline Composite Films via Ion Beam Technology for Long-Cycle Lithium Metal Batteries.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal
Nitric Oxide Conjugation Transforms NIR-II AIEgens Into Potent Hypoxia-Tolerant Type I Photosensitizers.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal
Overcoming Raoult's Law via Ligand Field Polarization-Mediated Interfacial Water Activation for High-Performance Solar Evaporation.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal
Metallothionein-Inspired Dual-Stage Ion-Regulatory Coatings With Infection-Triggered Bactericidal Activity and Long-Term Antifouling Protection.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal
N-Heterocycle-Activated π-Cooperative Coordination for Enhancing Structural Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Same journal
Active Hydrogen Reservoir Enabled by p-d Orbital Hybridization in PdSb Metallene for Electrocatalytic Alkynol Semi‑Hydrogenation at Large Current Densities.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2026
Light Intensity-Driven Bidirectional Photoresponse Vision Sensor for Autonomous Obstacle Avoidance System.
Zhen Liu1, Sen Zhang2, Pingdan Xiao3
1School of Optoelectronic Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Advanced Semiconductor & Functional Device Integration, Henan Key Laboratory of Infrared Materials & Spectrum Measures and Applications, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan, China.
Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 10, 2026
View abstract on PubMed
Summary
This study introduces a novel bio-inspired vision sensor that mimics insect escape behaviors for robotics. The device achieves dynamic threat-distance adaptation using a unique heterostructure for efficient obstacle avoidance.
Area of Science:
- Robotics and Artificial Intelligence
- Bio-inspired Engineering
- Materials Science
Background:
- Bio-inspired vision sensors offer potential for advanced robotics and AI.
- Mimicking insect neural circuits for dynamic threat-distance adaptation in bionic vision is a significant challenge.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a vision sensor emulating insect phototactic/scototactic behaviors for dynamic threat-distance adaptation.
- To create a novel 2D heterostructure capable of biomimetic processing.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a 2D PVK/h-BN/MoS2/h-BN/2D PVK heterostructure.
- Implementation of symmetrical gate-field co-regulation for antagonistic field-effect modulation.
- Utilizing hopping-like ion transport for persistent photocurrent (PPC) and negative photoconductivity (NPC).
Main Results:
- The sensor successfully emulates insect phototactic/scototactic behaviors.
- Achieved persistent positive photocurrent (PPC) and negative photoconductivity (NPC) via hole/cation and electron/anion accumulation, respectively.
- Demonstrated voltage-tunable braking distance control in an autonomous obstacle avoidance system.
Conclusions:
- The developed vision sensor provides a valuable reference for bionic vision systems.
- The symmetrical gate-field co-regulation strategy effectively mimics insect neural processing for collision avoidance.
- This technology enables efficient navigation in dynamic environments by processing light intensity, accumulation, and rate-of-change.