Vaccination status of patients undergoing HIV treatment in a hospital in Madrid

People living with HIV (PLHIV) are considered at high-risk for acquiring infections or experiencing severe disease. The Spanish Ministry of Health advises vaccination against pneumococcus, meningococcus, hepatitis A and B, tetanus, human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes zoster (HZ), varicella, and measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) for PLHIV. We aimed at determining the vaccination status of PLHIV on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in a hospital in Madrid in 2023.

Cross-sectional study in 96 PLHIV receiving ART. Vaccination status was evaluated regarding oficial reccommendations. Coverage was calculated according to schedule.

78.1% had received at least one dose of a vaccine as part of the recommended schedule. Completed schedule was more frequent for HZ (68.75%), followed by pneumococcus (38.54%) and meningococcus (2.01%). 12.50% had received at least on dose of the HPV vaccine and 20.83% had received a diphtheria/tetanus vaccine dose within the last 10 years. Immunity to hepatitis B and A was observed in 57.30% and 56.30%, respectively. Vaccination coverage during the 2022-2023 campaign was 50% for both, COVID-19 and influenza.

Patients' compliance with vaccination schedules was acceptable in general, and low regarding meningococcal vaccination. Patient engagement and awareness strategies are essential to promote vaccination uptake in this population.