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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Data Processing Methods for 3D Seismic Imaging of Subsurface Volcanoes: Applications to the Tarim Flood Basalt
Published on: August 7, 2017
In the wake of the Hayli Gubbi eruption
Alexander Ukhov1, Sateesh Masabathini1, Marianthi Pateraki1
1Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, 23955, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Explosive eruptions require rapid, observation-constrained estimates of ash and sulfur dioxide emissions for hazard assessment. We analyze the 23 November 2025 Hayli Gubbi eruption (Afar, Ethiopia) with WRF-Chem v4.8 and use backward trajectories seeded within TROPOMI aerosol index and sulfur dioxide ([Formula: see text]) plumes to reconstruct time- and height-resolved source terms. The trajectory-derived ash source term, scaled to 0.8 Mt, captures the main ash transport corridor and the timing of the coarse-mode enhancement observed by AERONET at Nizwa University (Oman). For [Formula: see text], a manually prescribed time-height scenario improves agreement with the TROPOMI plume relative to the first trajectory-based approximation. The simulation captures the large-scale [Formula: see text] plume geometry and shows moderate agreement with aerosol optical depth and aerosol middle height. The corresponding [Formula: see text] emission is ≈0.15 Mt. About 6% of the fine ash deposits within 28 h, including fallout to the southern Red Sea and Gulf of Aden. This study demonstrates a rapid, observation-constrained reconstruction for a single-eruption case study.
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