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Related Concept Videos

Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model01:29

Self-Evaluation Maintenance Model

The Self-Evaluation Maintenance (SEM) model offers a psychological framework to understand how individuals’ self-esteem is influenced by the achievements of others, particularly those with whom they share close personal bonds. The SEM model operates when personal rather than social identity guides individuals. Central to this model is the notion that individuals have an inherent desire to preserve a favorable self-image, which is continuously shaped by interpersonal comparisons and...
Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping02:05

Self-Presentation: Self-Monitoring and Self-Handicapping

People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about the way you...
Response Surface Methodology01:16

Response Surface Methodology

Response Surface Methodology (RSM) is a collection of statistical and mathematical techniques used to develop, improve, and optimize processes. It is particularly valuable when many input variables or factors potentially influence a response variable.
The process of RSM involves several key steps:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

The Person-Reported Outcome of Conversational Success (PROCS): Tool development and psychometric validation.

Camille J Wynn1, Samantha Budge2, Carolyn R Baylor3

  • 1Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA. camille.wynn@usu.edu.

Behavior Research Methods
|June 10, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed and validated the Person-Reported Outcome of Conversational Success (PROCS) to measure how beneficial, worthwhile, or satisfactory conversations are. This new tool offers a reliable way to assess conversational success in various settings.

Keywords:
CommunicationConversationInteractionSocial communication

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
06:04

Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling

Published on: January 17, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Communication Science
  • Psychometrics
  • Health Psychology

Background:

  • Successful conversation is crucial for well-being.
  • Existing tools for measuring conversational success lack psychometric validation.
  • A validated measure is needed to quantify conversational success.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate the Person-Reported Outcome of Conversational Success (PROCS).
  • To create a psychometrically sound tool for assessing conversational success.

Main Methods:

  • Iterative development including literature review, expert input, and cognitive interviews.
  • Usability and practical effectiveness testing in live conversations.
  • Psychometric validation using data from 817 participants recalling recent conversations.

Main Results:

  • The Person-Reported Outcome of Conversational Success (PROCS) was successfully developed and validated.
  • The final PROCS is a clear, usable, and versatile measure.
  • The PROCS can quantify the success of individual conversations.

Conclusions:

  • The PROCS is a valuable tool for assessing conversational success.
  • The measure has potential applications in both research and clinical practice.
  • The rigorous development process ensures the PROCS's validity and reliability.