Evaluating AI Chatbots in Enhancing Care for Pediatric Dental Trauma

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots in providing reliable guidance for the management of acute pediatric dental trauma. Methods: A comparative analysis was conducted between August 2024 and April 2025 using 5 prominent AI chatbots: ChatGPT-4, Google Gemini, Perplexity, Claude-2, and Llama, assessing 23 frequently asked questions on pediatric dental trauma. Responses were evaluated on accuracy across 4 domains: dental diagnosis, treatment, follow-up, and medical follow-up. The study simulated clinical scenarios without involving human participants. Results: Chatbot performance in dental diagnosis and treatment was consistent with no significant variation. However, significant differences were noted in dental follow-up (P=0.036), and medical follow-up had low validity. Conclusions: Chatbots can be reliable tools for preliminary parental guidance in pediatric dental trauma. However, inconsistencies in follow-up recommendations and medical guidance limit their use as independent tools. They should be considered as supportive aids rather than replacements for clinical expertise.