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Improved PGC-Arctan-LHP hybrid demodulation algorithm for high-precision weak magnetic sensing.

Caihong Huang, Yanhua Dong, Yi Huang

|June 11, 2026

Summary

This study introduces an improved Phase-Generated Carrier-Arctan-Low-order Harmonic Mixing and Phase-orthogonal (PGC-Arctan-LHP) algorithm for enhanced fiber-optic sensing. The novel algorithm significantly improves weak signal demodulation in high-interference environments.

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Optimized Setup and Protocol for Magnetic Domain Imaging with In Situ Hysteresis Measurement

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Published on: November 7, 2017

Area of Science:

Optical Engineering
Sensor Technology
Signal Processing

Background:

Fiber-optic sensing faces challenges in demodulating weak signals amidst high interference.
Existing algorithms struggle with errors from modulation depth drift, light intensity fluctuations, and carrier phase delay.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose an improved Phase-Generated Carrier-Arctan-Low-order Harmonic Mixing and Phase-orthogonal (PGC-Arctan-LHP) algorithm.
To enhance weak signal demodulation in challenging fiber-optic sensing environments.

Main Methods:

Development and simulation of the improved PGC-Arctan-LHP algorithm.
Experimental validation using an all-fiber Michelson interferometric weak magnetic sensing system with terbium-doped silica fiber.

Main Results:

Simulated dynamic range of 132.06 dB at 100 Hz and SNR of 63.09 dB under composite interference.
Achieved magnetically induced phase sensitivity of 0.0092 rad/µT.
Noise-equivalent magnetic field sensitivity of 1.87 nT/√Hz at 1000 Hz.

Conclusions:

The proposed PGC-Arctan-LHP algorithm effectively mitigates errors and outperforms existing methods.
Demonstrates high-precision demodulation of weak magnetic signals.
Shows significant potential for complex engineering applications requiring sensitive magnetic field detection.