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Related Concept Videos

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control01:21

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of Phase-lag Control

Phase-lag controllers are widely used in control systems to improve stability and reduce steady-state errors. A dimmer switch controlling the brightness of a light bulb serves as a practical example of phase-lag control, gradually adjusting the bulb's brightness. Mathematically, phase-lag control or low-pass filtering is represented when the factor 'a' is less than 1.
Phase-lag controllers do not place a pole at zero, but instead influence the steady-state error by amplifying any finite,...
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Introduction to Global Positioning System01:30

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Errors in Global Positioning System01:26

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Global Positioning System (GPS) technology has revolutionized navigation and positioning, but its accuracy is often compromised by various errors. These errors, stemming from environmental, satellite, and receiver-related factors, require careful mitigation to ensure reliable performance across applications.Atmospheric ErrorsGPS signals travel through the Earth’s ionosphere and troposphere, introducing delays which affect accuracy. The ionosphere is strongly influenced by charged particles,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping
09:43

Transmission of Multiple Signals through an Optical Fiber Using Wavefront Shaping

Published on: March 20, 2017

Time-frequency synchronization for distributed phase coherent network based on optically carried satellite navigation

Hao Chen, Pinghua Zhai, Aiping Xie

    Optics Express
    |June 11, 2026
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study presents a novel bidirectional time-frequency synchronization system using satellite navigation signals for precise clock synchronization in distributed networks. The proposed system achieves exceptional stability, reaching 1.89 ps for time synchronization and high frequency stability.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Signal Processing
    • Metrology

    Background:

    • Accurate time-frequency synchronization is critical for distributed coherent receiving nodes in ground-based networks.
    • Existing synchronization methods face challenges in achieving high precision and stability over optical fiber links.
    • Satellite navigation signals offer a robust source for precise timing information.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and validate a bidirectional time-frequency synchronization system utilizing optically carried satellite navigation signals.
    • To achieve high-precision clock synchronization for point-to-point and point-to-multipoint networks.
    • To compare the performance of different control algorithms for time difference estimation and synchronization.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a system comprising a modem, amplifier, laser, optical fiber, and photodetector for signal transmission.
    • Leveraging pseudo-random noise (PRN) code phase to assist carrier phase for high-precision synchronization.
    • Comparison and selection of PID, second-order, and third-order phase-locked loop (PLL) algorithms for closed-loop control, with PID and LPF ultimately chosen.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed system achieves a time synchronization stability of 1.89 ps.
    • Frequency stability reaches ≤3.00 × 10-12 at 1 s and ≤3.04 × 10-15 at 103 s.
    • The PID control algorithm demonstrated superior performance with faster convergence and reduced oscillation compared to PLL algorithms.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed optically carried satellite navigation signal system effectively achieves high-precision bidirectional time-frequency synchronization.
    • The PID control algorithm combined with an LPF provides optimal performance for clock frequency tuning.
    • The system's validated correctness and effectiveness are crucial for advanced distributed coherent reception networks.