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DFB laser arrays utilizing CPM-based sampled gratings for precise wavelength control and enhanced single-mode

Zhuoying Wang, Yue Zhang, Zizhuo Li

|June 11, 2026

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This study introduces a novel distributed feedback laser array using continuous phase modulation (CPM) and sampled gratings. It achieves precise wavelength control and high single-mode stability, offering a low-cost solution for multi-wavelength lasers.

Area of Science:

Photonics and Laser Technology
Semiconductor Devices
Optical Engineering

Background:

Distributed feedback (DFB) lasers are crucial for optical communication.
Achieving precise multi-wavelength emission and high stability in DFB lasers remains a challenge.
Existing techniques often involve complex fabrication or limited tunability.

Purpose of the Study:

To propose and experimentally demonstrate a novel DFB laser array.
To investigate the effects of continuous phase modulation (CPM) and sampled gratings on laser characteristics.
To achieve robust, low-cost, high-precision multi-wavelength laser sources.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of a DFB laser array using micrometer-level lithography.
Implementation of discrete phase increments to create an equivalent nanometer-scale continuous phase shift.

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Systematic investigation of phase shift order (even vs. odd) and modulation length.

Characterization of laser wavelength detuning, channel spacing, and side-mode suppression ratio (SMSR).

Main Results:

Two distinct operating regimes were identified based on phase shift order.
Even-order phase shifts (CPM-2Nπ) resulted in linear wavelength detuning with ~1.5 nm channel spacing.
Odd-order phase shifts (CPM-(2N+1)π) demonstrated wavelength locking and superior single-mode stability (SMSR > 60 dB) due to distributed phase shift.
Optimal modulation length was determined for balancing field uniformity and mode selectivity.

Conclusions:

The proposed CPM and sampled grating DFB laser array offers precise wavelength control and enhanced stability.
The odd-order phase shift configuration provides a robust method for achieving high SMSR and wavelength locking.
This technology presents a cost-effective solution for fabricating high-precision multi-wavelength laser sources for optical communication.