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Soft Hardware, Flowing Software: Reconfigurable Microfluidics For Adaptable Chemical Computation.

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Soft Hardware, Flowing Software: Reconfigurable Microfluidics For Adaptable Chemical Computation.

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Reconfigurable Microfluidic Channel with Pin-discretized Sidewalls

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Published on: April 12, 2018

Soft Hardware, Flowing Software: Reconfigurable Microfluidics for Adaptable Chemical Computation.

Piet J M Swinkels¹, Brigitta Dúzs¹, Oliver Skarsetz¹

¹Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)

|June 11, 2026

View abstract on PubMed

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces reconfigurable microfluidic hardware using 3D-printed hydrogels for dynamic chemical computing. This adaptable platform enables switchable logic gates and physical reservoir computing, expanding computational possibilities beyond static systems.

Keywords:

3D printing DNA nanotechnology chemical reaction network theory computation computer science logic gate microfluidics reservoir computing smart hydrogels software

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Area of Science:

Chemical Engineering
Materials Science
Computational Science

Background:

Conventional electronics face limitations in performance and adaptability.
Chemical and physical computing offer alternative processing paradigms.
Existing systems often rely on static hardware architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop a reconfigurable microfluidic platform for dynamic chemical computation.
To demonstrate hardware-reconfigurable control over chemical information processing.
To explore adaptable physical environments for expanding computational capabilities.

Main Methods:

3D printing and in situ erasure of soft hydrogel structures within microfluidics.
Implementing switchable Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) logic gates (AND/OR).
Utilizing a feedback-controlled pH oscillator for studying reaction kinetics and pattern formation.
Constructing a physical reservoir computer with reconfigurable microfluidic hardware.

Main Results:

Demonstrated hardware-reconfigurable control over chemical information processing.
Achieved switchable DNA logic gates without altering molecular composition.
Showcased geometry-dependent spatiotemporal states in a pH oscillator.
Implemented a physical reservoir computer realizing diverse nonlinear functions.

Conclusions:

Reconfigurable soft microfluidic hardware acts as a control layer for chemical computation.
Adaptable physical environments actively expand the computational state space of chemical software.
This approach decouples logic function from molecular composition, enhancing computational flexibility.