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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Reconfigurable Microfluidic Channel with Pin-discretized Sidewalls
10:39

Reconfigurable Microfluidic Channel with Pin-discretized Sidewalls

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Soft Hardware, Flowing Software: Reconfigurable Microfluidics for Adaptable Chemical Computation.

Piet J M Swinkels1, Brigitta Dúzs1, Oliver Skarsetz1

  • 1Life-Like Materials and Systems, Department of Chemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.

Advanced Materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

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This study introduces reconfigurable microfluidic hardware using 3D-printed hydrogels for dynamic chemical computing. This adaptable platform enables switchable logic gates and physical reservoir computing, expanding computational possibilities beyond static systems.

Area of Science:

  • Chemical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Science

Background:

  • Conventional electronics face limitations in performance and adaptability.
  • Chemical and physical computing offer alternative processing paradigms.
  • Existing systems often rely on static hardware architectures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a reconfigurable microfluidic platform for dynamic chemical computation.
  • To demonstrate hardware-reconfigurable control over chemical information processing.
  • To explore adaptable physical environments for expanding computational capabilities.

Main Methods:

  • 3D printing and in situ erasure of soft hydrogel structures within microfluidics.
  • Implementing switchable Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) logic gates (AND/OR).
Keywords:
3D printingDNA nanotechnologychemical reaction network theorycomputationcomputer sciencelogic gatemicrofluidicsreservoir computingsmart hydrogelssoftware

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  • Utilizing a feedback-controlled pH oscillator for studying reaction kinetics and pattern formation.
  • Constructing a physical reservoir computer with reconfigurable microfluidic hardware.

    • Main Results:

    • Demonstrated hardware-reconfigurable control over chemical information processing.
    • Achieved switchable DNA logic gates without altering molecular composition.
    • Showcased geometry-dependent spatiotemporal states in a pH oscillator.
    • Implemented a physical reservoir computer realizing diverse nonlinear functions.

    Conclusions:

    • Reconfigurable soft microfluidic hardware acts as a control layer for chemical computation.
    • Adaptable physical environments actively expand the computational state space of chemical software.
    • This approach decouples logic function from molecular composition, enhancing computational flexibility.