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Related Concept Videos

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care01:28

Acute Coronary Syndrome IV: Interprofessional Care

IntroductionThe management of Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) aims to minimize myocardial damage, preserve myocardial function, and prevent complications.Initial ManagementInpatient management involves continuous cardiac monitoring, preferably in an ICU, focusing on blood pressure, serum sodium, potassium, and creatinine levels, and urine output. Ongoing pharmacologic management is crucial for stabilizing the patient.Supplemental Oxygen: Administer supplemental oxygen if oxygen saturation is...
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Acute Coronary Syndrome I: Introduction

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) encompasses a spectrum of heart conditions caused by sudden obstruction of coronary arteries, typically resulting from the rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque and subsequent thrombus (blood clot) formation. This obstruction can lead to partial or complete blockage of blood flow, causing varying degrees of myocardial ischemia or infarction.ACS includes the following clinical entities:Unstable Angina (UA)Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI)ST-Elevation...
Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:19

Acute Coronary Syndrome II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies01:30

Acute Coronary Syndrome III: Diagnostic Studies

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Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock01:24

Blood Pressure Imbalances and Circulatory Shock

Disorders affecting blood volume, vascular tone, or vascular function can disrupt vascular homeostasis, including conditions like hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock
07:39

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: August 16, 2021

In-Hospital and Long-Term Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction Categorized as SCAI Shock

Hisashi Sato1, Kenichi Sakakura1, Hiroyuki Jinnouchi1

  • 1Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saitama Medical Center, Jichi Medical University Saitama Japan.

Circulation Reports
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock (CS) in SCAI stage B did not have worse outcomes than stage A. This study found no independent association between modified stage B and adverse in-hospital or long-term cardiovascular events.

Keywords:
Acute myocardial infarctionCardiogenic shockIn-hospital adverse eventsMajor adverse cardiovascular events (MACE)Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) shock stage classification

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock
07:39

Use of a Percutaneous Ventricular Assist Device/Left Atrium to Femoral Artery Bypass System for Cardiogenic Shock

Published on: August 16, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Clinical Outcomes Research
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) with cardiogenic shock (CS) has a high mortality rate.
  • Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) has advanced, but outcomes remain poor.
  • The Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions (SCAI) developed a 5-stage CS classification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare clinical outcomes between AMI patients in SCAI shock modified stage A and modified stage B.
  • To evaluate the association of modified SCAI shock stage B with in-hospital and long-term adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 257 AMI patients classified into modified stage A (n=180) and modified stage B (n=77).
  • Primary endpoint: in-hospital adverse events (death, MCS initiation, mechanical complications).
  • Secondary endpoint: long-term major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) over a median 786-day follow-up.

Main Results:

  • Modified stage B patients had significantly lower left ventricular ejection fraction (44.6% vs. 54.4%, P<0.001).
  • In-hospital adverse events were comparable between groups (P=0.128).
  • Modified stage B showed a higher incidence of MACE (P=0.029) on Kaplan-Meier analysis, but not in multivariate analyses.

Conclusions:

  • Modified SCAI shock stage B was not independently associated with in-hospital adverse events.
  • Modified SCAI shock stage B was not independently associated with long-term MACE after controlling for confounding factors.