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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

DNA Electrophoresis Using Thiazole Orange Instead of Ethidium Bromide or Alternative Dyes
Published on: March 31, 2019
Fluorogenic Thiazole Orange Dimer for Recognition of G-Quadruplex-Duplex Hybrid and G-Quadruplex DNA
Pulakesh Pramanik1,2, Bappa Maiti1, Santanu Bhattacharya1,2,3
1School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700 032, India.
None:
A collection of oxyethylene-bridged thiazole orange dimers with systematically varied spacer lengths was synthesized for the fluorogenic detection of higher-order DNA structures. Spectroscopic studies reveal that spacer length critically regulates binding and signal amplification. TO4TO exhibits maximum fluorescence turn-on and selectively detects parallel G-quadruplex and quadruplex-duplex hybrid DNA with nanomolar sensitivity. Notably, it can serve as a cellular imaging probe, demonstrating that spacer engineering is an effective strategy for fluorogenic detection and imaging of higher-order DNA structures.
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