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Related Concept Videos

Thermosensation01:43

Thermosensation

Peripheral thermosensation is the perception of external temperature. A change in temperature (on the surface of the skin and other tissues) is detected by a family of temperature-sensitive ion channels called Transient Receptor Potential, or TRP, receptors. These receptors are located on free nerve endings. Those detecting cold temperatures are closer to the surface of the skin than the nerve endings detecting warmth. These thermoTRP channels, while temperature selective, have relatively...
Temperature Measurement Sites01:14

Temperature Measurement Sites

A thermometer measures body temperature. The common sites for measuring body temperature are the oral cavity, axillary region, temporal artery, and skin surface, such as the forehead, abdomen, and axilla. True core body temperature is assessed in the rectum, tympanic membrane, pulmonary artery, esophagus, and urinary bladder.
Oral: When assessing oral temperature, the thermometer tip should be placed under the tongue in the posterior sublingual pocket. It offers accurate readings and can be...
Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature01:13

Equipments Used to Measure Body Temperature

Body temperature can be assessed using various devices and measured in Celsius or Fahrenheit.
Glass-bulb Thermometer:
Glass-bulb thermometers are hollow glass tubes with a bulb tip containing liquid such as ethanol or mercury. Historically, glass bulb mercury thermometers were the standard device to measure body temperature. Today, mercury thermometers are prohibited in many countries due to the hazardous effects of mercury and the risk of exposure if the glass bulb breaks. In general,...
Thermal Stress01:09

Thermal Stress

If the temperature of an object is changed while it is prevented from expanding or contracting, the object is subjected to stress. The stress is compressive if the object expands in the absence of constraint and tensile if it contracts. This stress resulting from temperature change is known as thermal stress. It can be quite large and can cause damage. To avoid this stress, engineers may design components so they can expand and contract freely. For instance, on highways, gaps are deliberately...
Joule-Thomson Effect01:21

Joule-Thomson Effect

The Joule-Thomson effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin effect, describes the temperature change of a fluid when it is forced through a valve or porous plug while keeping it in a thermally insulated environment. This experiment is called a throttling process. This is an important effect widely used in refrigeration and the liquefaction of gases.
This experiment forces high-pressure gas through a throttle valve or a porous plug to a lower-pressure region. The gas expands as it passes through to...
Thermal Strain01:19

Thermal Strain

Thermal strain is a concept that arises when we consider how temperature changes affect structures. Unlike the conventional assumption that structures remain constant under load, real-world scenarios often involve temperature fluctuations that can significantly impact these structures. Consider a homogeneous rod with a uniform cross-section resting freely on a flat horizontal surface. If the rod's temperature increases, the rod elongates. This elongation is proportional to the temperature...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers
08:44

Fabrication and Testing of Photonic Thermometers

Published on: October 24, 2018

Network-Reconfigured Thermoelectric Flexible Sensor for Ultrafast Steady-State Temperature Perception.

Zehao Wang1, Wanqing Xu1, Chao Wang1

  • 1College of Smart Materials and Future Energy, State Key Laboratory of Coatings for Advanced Equipment, Advanced Coatings Research Center of Ministry of Education of China, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.

ACS Nano
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a new flexible temperature sensor using a conductive/thermoelectric network reconfiguration strategy. This innovation allows for rapid and stable temperature detection, crucial for advanced electronic skin and human-machine interfaces.

Keywords:
composite foamconductive/thermoelectric networkmachine learningmultimodal sensortemperature sensing

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Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping
09:48

Fiber Optic Distributed Sensors for High-resolution Temperature Field Mapping

Published on: November 7, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Sensor Technology
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Flexible temperature sensors are vital for electronic skin and human-machine interfaces.
  • Challenges include rapid thermal gradient formation and stability in flexible sensors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a flexible thermoelectric sensor with ultrafast and stable temperature perception.
  • To enable rapid formation and maintenance of stable temperature differentials.

Main Methods:

  • A conductive/thermoelectric network reconfiguration strategy was employed.
  • In situ welding of single-walled carbon nanotube frameworks with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) on a melamine foam scaffold.
  • Construction of an ion-free, continuous thermoelectric network.

Main Results:

  • The sensor achieved an ultrafast response time of 58.6 ms and reached steady state within 430 ms.
  • Stable output with negligible signal decay was maintained over prolonged operation, even under a 71.7 K temperature difference.
  • Decoupled and simultaneous temperature-pressure sensing was enabled, addressing response-speed mismatches.

Conclusions:

  • The reconfigured network optimizes thermal conduction and carrier migration for enhanced sensor performance.
  • The sensor demonstrates potential for accurate respiratory monitoring and thermal feature recognition.
  • This technology shows strong promise for high-performance multimodal tactile sensing and intelligent health monitoring.