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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges
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Do Measures of Autonomic Nervous System Function Correlate With Sensorimotor Performance?

Michaela McGrath1, Bernie Bissett2,3, Angie Fearon1

  • 1Research Institute for Sport and Exercise, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia.

Perceptual and Motor Skills
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity, measured by pupil light reflex, significantly impacts visual, vestibular, and somatosensory (VVS) system integration for movement control. A specific ANS profile,

Keywords:
autonomic profilesbalancemovement controlpupil light reflexsomatosensory assessmentvestibular testing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Human Movement Science
  • Autonomic Physiology

Background:

  • Seamless integration of visual, vestibular, and somatosensory (VVS) systems is crucial for human movement control.
  • Emerging evidence suggests autonomic nervous system (ANS) function may influence VVS integration, but this relationship is not well understood.
  • The pupil light reflex is a key indicator of ANS activity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the relationship between ANS activity, indexed by the pupil light reflex, and VVS system function in healthy adults.
  • To assess how different ANS profiles relate to VVS performance.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 90 healthy adults (aged 20-88 years).
  • Quantified ANS function using pupil light reflex metrics (response delay, constriction/dilation velocities).
  • Assessed VVS function via visual-vestibular tests (smooth pursuit, saccades) and somatosensory assessment (Active Movement Extent Discrimination).

Main Results:

  • Pupil response delay, maximum pupil constriction, and age significantly predicted combined VVS function (p < .01).
  • Effects ranged from small to moderate across individual VVS outcomes (ηp² = 0.05 to 0.25).
  • The ANS 'Co-inhibition' profile was significantly correlated with poorer VVS performance.

Conclusions:

  • ANS function, particularly pupil response characteristics and resting autonomic profile, is a significant factor in VVS integration and movement control.
  • The 'Co-inhibition' ANS profile appears maladaptive for VVS integration.
  • Findings challenge existing models that consider VVS and ANS systems independently in human movement control.