Improved chromosome-level genome assembly of Pleurotus ostreatus CCMSSC 00389

Pleurotus ostreatus is one of the major cultivated edible mushrooms in China, and possesses high nutritional value and prominent medicinal properties. A chromosome-level genome assembly of this species is therefore of great significance for both basic biological research and industrial applications. In this study, we present a chromosome-level genome assembly of the commercial P. ostreatus cultivar CCMSSC 00389, which shows improved continuity and completeness relative to previously published genome assemblies. The new assembly genome consists of 12 pseudo-chromosomes with a total length of 40.39 Mb. Compared with previous versions, the total genome size increased by 11.31%, the number of scaffolds was reduced from 2,529 to 20, and the scaffold N50 length was improved 9.53 fold. Accordingly, the average gene length increased from 1,523 to 1,867.5 bp, and the number of genes functionally annotated in public databases rose from 11,095 to 12,514. BUSCO analysis was performed to evaluate the integrity and completeness of the newly assembled genome. A total of 269 complete BUSCO genes were identified, accounting for 92.76% of the total assessed genes, demonstrating the acceptable completeness of the new assembled genome. This high-quality genome provides a crucial foundation for exploring evolutionary dynamics, physiological and trait regulatory mechanisms, as well as molecular breeding studies in P. ostreatus.