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Related Concept Videos

Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they produce ions...
Green Algae01:21

Green Algae

Green algae, also referred to as chlorophytes, are different from red algae in having the chloroplasts containing chlorophylls a and b, which give them their distinct green hue. However, they lack phycobiliproteins, preventing them from developing the red or blue-green pigmentation seen in red algae. In terms of photosynthetic pigment composition, green algae closely resemble plants and share a close evolutionary relationship with them. Taxonomically Green algae belong to Phylum Chlorophyta in...
Other Unique Bacteria01:18

Other Unique Bacteria

Magnetic bacteria exhibit a directed movement called magnetotaxis, driven by structures called magnetosomes. These magnetosomes consist of chains of magnetic particles made of either magnetite (Fe₃O₄) or greigite (Fe₃S₄) and are organized in a linear conformation by a protein scaffold within invaginations of the cell membrane. The bacteria align along the north–south magnetic field lines, much like a compass needle. They are typically microaerophilic or anaerobic and are commonly found near the...
Mutations01:35

Mutations

Mutations are changes in the sequence of DNA. These changes can occur spontaneously or they can be induced by exposure to environmental factors. Mutations can be characterized in a number of different ways: whether and how they alter the amino acid sequence of the protein, whether they occur over a small or large area of DNA, and whether they occur in somatic cells or germline cells.
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Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:

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Updated: Jun 12, 2026

Zebrafish Larvae as a Model to Evaluate Potential Radiosensitizers or Protectors
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Published on: August 25, 2022

Algal Derived Bioactive Compounds as Radiation Protectant: An Emerging Strategy for Future Applications.

Akshaya Kumar Behera1, Amiya Kumar Mandal1, Sudhamayee Parida1

  • 1Algal Biotechnology and Molecular Systematic Laboratory, Post Graduate Department of Botany, Berhampur University, Bhanja Bihar, Berhampur, 760007, Odisha, India.

Current Microbiology
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Algae possess a robust defense system against radiation stress, utilizing UV-absorbing compounds like scytonemin and antioxidants to survive. Low-dose radiation can even enhance algae growth and metabolite production.

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Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Radiation Biology

Background:

  • Algae exhibit remarkable survival strategies under radiation stress (UV and ionizing).
  • Their defense involves photoprotective chemicals and a dual antioxidant system (enzymatic and non-enzymatic).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the biochemical mechanisms of algae's radiation defense.
  • To highlight the photoprotective and antioxidant roles of specific compounds.
  • To explore the biotechnological potential of these algae-derived compounds.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of algae's natural sunscreen compounds (scytonemin, mycosporin-like amino acids).
  • Investigation of antioxidant enzymes (ascorbate peroxidase, catalase, SOD, GR) and non-enzymatic antioxidants (α-tocopherol, ascorbic acid).
  • Assessment of carotenoids in quenching photosensitization products and scavenging free radicals.

Main Results:

  • Scytonemin and mycosporin-like amino acids act as potent UV sunscreens, absorbing up to 90% of UV radiation.
  • Carotenoids mitigate oxidative damage by quenching photosensitization products and scavenging free radicals.
  • Algae employ a comprehensive enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant system to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Conclusions:

  • Algae's sophisticated biochemical defenses are key to their radiation resilience.
  • These photoprotective and antioxidant compounds offer significant biotechnological applications in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and nutraceuticals.
  • Low-dose radiation exposure can positively influence algae growth and metabolite synthesis, enhancing their value.