Phytochemical Profiling, Antiplatelet Potential, and Cytotoxic Assessment of Thymelaea tartonraira Aerial Part...

This study evaluates the antiplatelet potential of Thymelaea tartonraira essential oil, obtained from aerial parts by hydrodistillation. GC-MS analysis identified 43 compounds, with phenethyl alcohol (25.69%), eugenol (12.42%), and carvacrol (6.41%) as major constituents. In vitro platelet aggregation assays showed significant inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 6.37, 10.92, and 15.32 µL/mL against aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, and arachidonic acid, respectively. Molecular modeling (in silico docking) against P2Y12, cyclooxygenase-1, and the glycoprotein GPVI revealed strong interactions of eugenol and carvacrol with key residues, suggesting mechanisms of action. Toxicity tests confirmed the absence of cytotoxicity of the oil on HEK293 cells, erythrocytes, and platelets. These results indicate that T. tartonraira essential oil is a safe and effective natural source of antiplatelet agents with therapeutic potential for cardiovascular diseases.