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Cod protein modifications induced by lipid oxidation-derived aldehydes: Insights into multi-aldehydes environment.
Ting-Qi Yang1, Shenghai Liu1, Kaiyu Jiang2
1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Health, College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering and Institute for Innovative Development of Food Industry, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Multiple aldehydes like malondialdehyde, methylglyoxal, and phenylacetaldehyde significantly modify cod protein, affecting its structure and stability. This research clarifies complex food oxidation mechanisms.
Area of Science:
- Food Chemistry
- Protein Chemistry
- Oxidation Chemistry
Background:
- Cod proteins are susceptible to lipid oxidation, particularly from aldehydes.
- Previous research focused on single aldehydes, neglecting complex food interactions.
- Understanding multi-aldehyde effects is crucial for food quality and safety.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the synergistic or competitive effects of multiple aldehydes on cod protein modification.
- To visualize and quantify protein alterations caused by different aldehydes.
- To provide insights into cod protein oxidation mechanisms.
Main Methods:
- Utilized a clickable probe (yne-ACR) to model and visualize protein modifications.
- Exposed cod protein model system to five aldehydes: formaldehyde (FA), malondialdehyde (MDA), methylglyoxal (MGO), glyoxal (GO), and phenylacetaldehyde (PhA).
- Assessed protein modification levels, intrinsic fluorescence, microstructure, thermal stability, and volatile profiles.
Main Results:
- Formaldehyde (FA) and glyoxal (GO) showed minimal impact on protein modification.
- Malondialdehyde (MDA), methylglyoxal (MGO), and phenylacetaldehyde (PhA) significantly increased protein modification.
- Aldehyde treatments altered cod protein's microstructure, thermal stability, and volatile compounds, with decreased intrinsic fluorescence indicating conformational changes.
Conclusions:
- Specific aldehydes (MDA, MGO, PhA) play a key role in cod protein modification.
- Multi-aldehyde interactions significantly impact protein functionality and food quality.
- Findings offer a theoretical basis for managing food oxidation and preserving cod products.
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