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Perceptual learning in ADHD.

Ravit Kahalani-Hodedany¹, Maria Lev¹, Dov Sagi²

¹School of Optometry and Vision Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, Israel.

Vision Research

|June 11, 2026

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Texture discrimination training (TDT) reveals differences in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Medication improved ADHD participants' perceptual performance, suggesting distinct temporal processing and attention allocation.

Keywords:

ADHD Medication Perceptual learning TDT Texture discrimination

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Published on: March 12, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Clinical Psychology

Background:

Perceptual learning, especially texture discrimination training (TDT), is key to understanding sensory and cognitive plasticity in clinical groups.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) affects perceptual and cognitive functions, with medication potentially influencing these processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of TDT on perceptual and cognitive performance in adults with ADHD, comparing medicated and unmedicated individuals to neurotypical controls.
To explore how medication influences sensory processing and attentional allocation in ADHD during a dual-task paradigm.

Main Methods:

A dual-task paradigm was employed, requiring participants to identify central fixation and discriminate peripheral texture orientation across four training sessions.
Participants included adults with ADHD (medicated and unmedicated) and neurotypical controls.

Main Results:

Unmedicated adults with ADHD showed higher perceptual thresholds and slower reaction times compared to controls.
Adults with ADHD on medication exhibited significantly lower thresholds, outperforming the control group.
All groups demonstrated perceptual learning, indicating improved performance over training days.

Conclusions:

Perceptual learning mechanisms are comparable in ADHD and neurotypical individuals.
Medication significantly impacts perceptual performance in adults with ADHD.
Distinct differences in temporal processing and attentional allocation exist in ADHD, particularly under dual-task conditions.