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Related Concept Videos

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance01:25

Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...
Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA01:25

Mechanism of Antibiotic Resistance in MRSA

Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...
Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics01:21

Microbiota Modulation by Antibiotics

Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
Development of Antibiotic Resistance01:30

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...
Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...

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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
08:58

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Moss-associated metabolites decrease antibiotic-resistant Enterobacterales in urban environment.

Shao-Yang Zhang1, Lu Wang2, Tian-Lun Zhang1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology, Ningbo Observation and Research Station, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|June 11, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Mosses significantly reduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in soil, particularly in urban areas. A moss metabolite, cristacarpin, suppresses harmful bacteria and ARGs, offering a nature-based solution to mitigate antimicrobial resistance.

Keywords:
Antibiotic resistance genesEnterobacterales suppressionEnvironmental healthSecondary metabolites

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Ecology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Human activities accelerate antibiotic resistance gene (ARG) spread, posing environmental and public health risks.
  • Plant-microbe interactions influence soil environments and ARG mitigation, but moss roles are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of moss cover on ARG abundance and microbial communities in urban and suburban soils.
  • To identify moss metabolites involved in ARG mitigation and understand their mechanisms of action.

Main Methods:

  • Paired soil surveys (moss-covered vs. bare) in urban/suburban parks.
  • Analysis of ARG abundance and microbial composition (Enterobacterales).
  • Microcosm experiments with moss metabolite cristacarpin and molecular simulations.

Main Results:

  • Moss cover significantly reduced ARG abundance, especially in urban parks.
  • Mosses suppressed Enterobacterales, a key ARG host, via cristacarpin accumulation.
  • Cristacarpin demonstrated ARG and Enterobacterales reduction in microcosms; molecular simulations implicated MlaC binding.

Conclusions:

  • Mosses, through cristacarpin, offer a nature-based strategy to mitigate ARGs in human-impacted environments.
  • Mosses can reduce high-risk bacterial hosts and associated ARGs.
  • Findings support mosses as a scalable solution for antimicrobial resistance mitigation worldwide.