Proteomics-based insights into mammalian oocyte and early embryo development

Advances in proteomics are transforming our understanding of mammalian oocyte maturation and preimplantation embryo development. These resources and their findings provide unprecedented insights into the molecular underpinnings of developmental competence. Here we summarize the ongoing development of proteomic methodologies and highlight the stage-specific reprogramming events of the proteome in both humans and mice, underscoring the unique utility of proteomics in deciphering oocyte maturation and early embryonic development. Furthermore, we discuss the clinical implications of these findings, highlighting the translational potential of proteomics in understanding reproductive ageing, improving oocyte quality, and refining the outcomes of assisted reproductive technology.