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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
06:52

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

The Path to Independence: Progression in Entrustment Reflected in Entrustable Professional Activity Ratings.

Andrada Diaconescu1, Julia Kasmirski1, Erin White1

  • 1Department of Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.

Annals of Surgery
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) in general surgery training help identify performance targets. Variability in trainee entrustment allows for earlier identification of residents needing additional support in their competency-based education.

Keywords:
competency-based assessment frameworkentrustable professional activitiesresident trainingsurgical education

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 13, 2026

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
06:52

Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit

Published on: September 30, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Surgical Training
  • Competency-Based Assessment

Background:

  • The American Board of Surgery implemented Entrustable Professional Activities (EPAs) in 2016 for general surgery competency-based education.
  • EPAs translate milestones into practical assessments for feedback and progressive entrustment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if variability in trainee entrustment within EPAs can pinpoint performance targets.
  • To enable earlier identification of surgical residents requiring additional support.

Main Methods:

  • Reviewed national American Board of Surgery EPA data from July 2023 to July 2025 for PGY-1 to PGY-5 residents.
  • Analyzed microassessments using the ABS entrustment scale (1-4) across EPAs, phases, and postgraduate years.
  • Summarized formative entrustment ratings and progression using descriptive statistics.

Main Results:

  • Data included 9,932 residents and 185,901 EPA microassessments.
  • Over half of trainees achieved "Indirect Supervision/Practice Ready" by PGY-3 for appendicitis, abdominal wall hernia, breast disease, and cutaneous/subcutaneous neoplasm EPAs.
  • Slower progression was observed for colon, gallbladder, inguinal hernia, and thyroid/parathyroid disease EPAs, with 50% achievement by PGY-4.
  • Soft tissue infection showed earlier progression, with 54.8% reaching indirect supervision or higher by PGY-2.

Conclusions:

  • The adoption of EPAs facilitates identifying periods of rapid entrustment progression.
  • This competency-based assessment approach aids in developing targeted interventions for surgical trainees.
  • EPAs support the creation of a robust competency-based surgical training framework.