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Phytase in Pig Diets: Technical and Economic Evaluation.

Danilo de Souza Sanches¹, Charles Kiefer¹, Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti¹

¹Veterinary and Animal Science Department, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, MS, Brazil.

Animals : an Open Access Journal From MDPI

|June 12, 2026

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Phytase supplementation in swine diets improves pig growth performance and economic returns. This meta-analysis confirms phytase as an effective strategy for enhancing swine production systems.

Area of Science:

Animal Science
Nutritional Biochemistry
Agricultural Economics

Background:

Phytase is widely used in swine diets, but updated evidence on its efficacy is needed.
Dietary phosphorus reduction impacts pig performance and carcass traits.
Economic evaluation of enzyme supplementation requires current data.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the impact of phytase supplementation on growth performance, carcass traits, and economic returns in growing-finishing pigs.
To combine meta-analysis with economic modeling to assess phytase efficacy.
To update the evidence on phytase effects in swine production.

Main Methods:

Systematic review of scientific literature (Web of Science, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Scopus) following PRISMA guidelines.

Keywords:

carcass characteristics exogenous enzyme meta-analysis nutritional cost phosphorus reduction pig farming systematic review

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Meta-analysis of 17 studies comparing basal diet (BD), reduced-phosphorus diet without phytase (DRP), and reduced-phosphorus diet with phytase (DRP + P).

Economic modeling to assess profitability based on performance and feed costs.

Main Results:

Phosphorus reduction (DRP vs. BD) impaired performance, reducing daily weight gain, feed intake, and final weight.
Phytase supplementation (DRP + P vs. DRP) significantly improved daily weight gain, feed intake, final weight, and feed conversion.
Phytase increased profit by up to US$5.14 per pig compared to reduced-phosphorus diets and remained economically advantageous with increased enzyme costs.

Conclusions:

Phytase supplementation effectively improves growth performance and economic returns in growing-finishing pigs fed reduced-phosphorus diets.
Phytase is a valuable tool for optimizing swine production systems, mitigating the negative effects of phosphorus reduction.
The economic benefits of phytase are substantial and robust, even under varying enzyme prices.