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Breast Cancer and Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Damaris G Nieva-Ramírez1,2, David Luna-Pérez1,2, Misael Uribe3

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Hepatology
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Breast cancer is a leading global malignancy in women.
  • Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is the primary cause of chronic liver disease.
  • MASLD's role in breast cancer development is under investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review epidemiological, clinical, and mechanistic data linking hepatic metabolic dysfunction to breast cancer.
  • To explore the systemic pro-tumorigenic environment promoted by MASLD.
  • To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of population-based studies, clinical data, and mechanistic research.
  • Analysis of pathways including insulin resistance, hormonal dysregulation, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
  • Investigation of the role of hepatokines like FGF21, Fetuin-A, and ANGPTL8.

Main Results:

  • Hepatic steatosis is associated with higher breast cancer incidence and worse outcomes, especially in postmenopausal women.
  • MASLD creates a pro-tumorigenic environment via insulin resistance, hormonal changes, inflammation, and gut-liver axis disruption.
  • Hepatokines (FGF21, Fetuin-A, ANGPTL8) and lipid metabolism are implicated in tumor progression.

Conclusions:

  • MASLD is associated with increased breast cancer risk and progression.
  • Hepatic metabolic dysfunction influences breast carcinogenesis through multiple interconnected pathways.
  • Further research is needed to establish causality and explore therapeutic interventions targeting metabolic dysfunction.