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Updated: Jun 13, 2026

PLGA Nanoparticles Formed by Single- or Double-emulsion with Vitamin E-TPGS
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Published on: December 27, 2013

Lecithin-Coated PLGA Nanoparticles for Pulmonary Targeting of Naringin: Formulation, Optimization and In Vitro

Pooja Dattatray Deshmane1,2, Sanjeevani Shekhar Deshkar1,2, Avinash Kharat3

  • 1Dr. D. Y. Patil Unitech Society's, Dr. D. Y. Patil Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Pune 411018, Maharashtra, India.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study developed naringin-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles (NAR PLGA NP) for treating inflammatory lung conditions like COPD. The nanoparticles showed enhanced cell targeting, reduced inflammation, and potential for lung tissue repair.

Keywords:
cellular uptakein vitro anti-inflammatory activitylung targetingnaringinpolymer nanoparticlespulmonary drug deliveryreactive oxidative stress

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Nanotechnology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) presents challenges due to limited treatment efficacy, systemic side effects, and poor drug delivery to the lungs.
  • Naringin (NAR), a flavonoid, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties beneficial for COPD, but its poor solubility and bioavailability hinder clinical use.
  • Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles offer a promising platform for targeted lung delivery, improving drug deposition and reducing systemic exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize naringin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles (NAR PLGA NP) for enhanced cell-targeting in inflammatory lung diseases.
  • To evaluate the safety, cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory, and tissue repair potential of NAR PLGA NP in vitro.

Main Methods:

  • NAR PLGA NP were formulated using the emulsion solvent evaporation method and optimized via a face-centered central composite design.
  • Nanoparticle characterization included dynamic light scattering, TEM, FTIR, DSC, XRD, and in vitro drug release studies.
  • Cytotoxicity (MTT assay), cellular uptake, angiogenesis (YSM assay), ROS scavenging, and anti-inflammatory activity (cytokine suppression) were assessed.

Main Results:

  • Optimized NAR PLGA NP and lecithin-coated NP (LC PLGA NP) exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, including controlled particle size and high entrapment efficiency.
  • Both nanoparticle formulations demonstrated excellent cytocompatibility with lung epithelial cells and efficient cellular uptake.
  • NAR PLGA NP significantly reduced intracellular ROS, suppressed pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β), and showed potential for angiogenesis.

Conclusions:

  • Lecithin-coated PLGA nanoparticles represent a promising cell-specific delivery system for naringin in managing inflammatory lung conditions.
  • The developed nanoparticles offer a potential strategy to overcome the limitations of conventional naringin therapy for lung diseases.
  • These findings support the therapeutic potential of NAR PLGA NP for lung tissue repair and remodeling in inflammatory lung conditions.