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Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques III01:25

Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques III

Regular exercise and meditation serve as essential tools in managing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 13, 2026

A Community-based Stress Management Program: Using Wearable Devices to Assess Whole Body Physiological Responses in Non-laboratory Settings
10:45

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Enhancing Physiological Complexity Through Mindfulness: A Wearable-Based Intervention for First Responders and Their

Thurmon E Lockhart1, Rahul Soangra2,3, Christopher Frames1

  • 1School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85281, USA.

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

A wearable mindfulness intervention improved heart rate variability (HRV) complexity in first responders, enhancing their stress regulation and adaptive capacity. This digital approach shows promise for managing stress in high-risk occupations.

Keywords:
HRV complexityautonomic regulationecological momentary assessmentfirst respondersheart rate variabilitymindfulnessmultiscale entropysample entropystress managementwearable technology

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Area of Science:

  • Physiology
  • Psychology
  • Digital Health

Background:

  • First responders face high-stress environments impacting physiological resilience and autonomic regulation.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) complexity is a key indicator of adaptive capacity and stress management.
  • Wearable technology offers a novel approach to monitor and intervene in autonomic regulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of a wearable-based mindfulness intervention on HRV complexity in first responders.
  • To assess changes in physiological markers of stress and adaptation using smartwatch data.
  • To determine the efficacy of digital mindfulness tools for first responder well-being.

Main Methods:

  • 87 first responders participated in a one-month study using Garmin Vivosmart 5 devices for continuous photoplethysmogram (PPG) data collection.
  • Participants engaged in daily Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMAs) and were randomized to mindfulness messages, audio exercises, or a control group via the MYAPT.MIND app.
  • Heart rate variability (HRV) metrics, including Sample Entropy, Multiscale Entropy (MSE), Recurrence Rate (RR), and Determinism (Det), were analyzed pre- and post-intervention.

Main Results:

  • Significant improvements in HRV complexity were observed post-intervention, with increased Sample Entropy (p = 0.007) and Multiscale Entropy (p = 0.038).
  • Reductions in Recurrence Rate (p = 0.025) and Determinism (p = 0.018) indicated enhanced cardiovascular adaptability and reduced physiological rigidity.
  • Traditional HRV metrics like Mean HR, SDNN, and RMSSD did not show significant changes, highlighting the sensitivity of complexity measures.

Conclusions:

  • Wearable-based mindfulness interventions effectively enhance HRV complexity, signifying improved autonomic regulation and adaptive capacity in first responders.
  • Digital mindfulness strategies are a viable tool for stress management in demanding occupations.
  • Further research is warranted to explore long-term effects and underlying mechanisms of these autonomic adaptations.