Low-Level Laser Therapy for Gingival Inflammation in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review Based on In Vitro,...

Background/Objectives: Gingivitis is one of the most prevalent inflammatory conditions in pediatric populations and represents a significant oral health burden worldwide. In addition to conventional approaches, emerging adjunctive therapies such as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also known as photobiomodulation, have gained increasing attention. This review aims to evaluate current evidence regarding the clinical relevance and potential healthcare implications of LLLT in the management of gingival inflammation in children and adolescents. Methods: A structured narrative literature review was conducted, including experimental, animal, and clinical studies published between 2005 and 2025. Study selection and screening were performed independently by two reviewers. Methodological characteristics of the included pediatric clinical studies were qualitatively assessed, focusing on randomization, blinding, follow-up reporting, and adverse event monitoring. Results: Experimental studies demonstrate that LLLT enhances gingival cell proliferation and modulates inflammatory responses, while antimicrobial effects remain inconsistent. Animal studies indicate reductions in gingival inflammation and alveolar bone loss when LLLT is used adjunctively with conventional therapy. Clinical studies in pediatric populations report improvements in gingival indices and periodontal treatment needs, with no adverse effects observed. Conclusions: LLLT appears to be a safe, non-invasive adjunctive therapy with potential to improve oral health outcomes in pediatric populations. Its clinical applicability and high patient acceptability support its potential integration into broader oral healthcare strategies. However, further well-designed clinical trials with standardized protocols and long-term follow-up are required.