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Published on: September 26, 2019
Sociodemographic Disparities in Atopic Dermatitis Prevalence in Spain
Lucía Cayuela1, Rocío C Bueno-Molina2, Juan-Carlos Hernández-Rodríguez2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Severo Ochoa, 28911 Leganés, Spain.
Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects over 2.7 million people in Spain, with higher prevalence in urban areas and women. Key risk factors include female sex, non-active employment, and living in large cities.
Area of Science:
- Dermatology
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory skin disease with significant global health implications.
- Existing Spanish studies on AD prevalence are regional, lacking comprehensive national data across sociodemographic strata.
- Understanding national AD prevalence and its disparities is crucial for effective public health strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To estimate the national prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) in Spain for the year 2023.
- To investigate and quantify disparities in AD prevalence across various sociodemographic factors.
- To inform targeted public health interventions and dermatological planning.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective cross-sectional study design was employed.
- Data were sourced from Spain's National Health System Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP).
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) cases were identified using the ICPC code S87, with analysis stratified by sex, age, origin, municipality size, income, and employment status.
Main Results:
- An estimated 2,706,675 individuals in Spain had atopic dermatitis (AD) in 2023.
- Higher prevalence rates were observed in women (1,451,216 cases) compared to men (1,255,459 cases).
- Urban living, middle-income brackets, non-active employment, and being Spanish-born were associated with increased AD prevalence.
Conclusions:
- Atopic dermatitis (AD) prevalence in Spain exhibits significant sociodemographic variations.
- Urban settings, female sex, and non-active employment status are identified as key risk factors for AD.
- Findings highlight the need for targeted public health initiatives and equitable dermatological care planning.
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