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Anemia-Driven Phenotypes in Lung Cancer: Linking Inflammation and Sarcopenia.
Claudia Raluca Mariean1,2, Oana Mirela Tiucă3,4, Cristina Flavia Al-Akel5
1Pathophysiology Department, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, Romania.
Anemia in lung cancer patients correlates with higher inflammation and muscle depletion, indicating systemic vulnerability. A combined phenotype approach may improve risk stratification for better patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Biomarkers
Background:
- Lung cancer involves complex tumor-host interactions, including inflammation, metabolic changes, and immune imbalance.
- Anemia is common in lung cancer patients and may reflect systemic disease burden.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine if anemia in lung cancer patients reflects underlying inflammation.
- To explore interactions between anemia, inflammation, and muscle depletion using a phenotype-based approach.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study of 70 lung cancer patients (2019-2023).
- Anemia assessed via hemoglobin levels; systemic inflammation via complete blood count indices (NLR, PLR, SII, SIRI, AISI).
- Sarcopenia evaluated by CT-based skeletal muscle area; patients stratified into four phenotypes.
Main Results:
- Anemia found in 44.3% of patients, associated with higher inflammatory scores (p=0.024).
- Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) significantly associated with anemia (OR=4.94, p=0.004).
- Sarcopenic-inflammatory phenotype showed significantly lower muscle mass (p=0.004).
Conclusions:
- Anemia in lung cancer is linked to systemic inflammation, suggesting biological vulnerability.
- Phenotype-based analysis integrating anemia, inflammation, and sarcopenia offers a comprehensive view of disease heterogeneity.
- This approach may enhance risk stratification for lung cancer patients.
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