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Effect of Irreversible Compression on the Pulmonary Nodule Detection Rate in Chest Radiographs Using AI Software.

Masasuke Kohzai1, Shintaro Yamamoto1, Mika Matsushita1

  • 1Department of Radiology, Kansai Medical University, 2-5-1 Shinmachi, Hirakata 573-1010, Osaka, Japan.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Irreversible compression of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) files impacts artificial intelligence (AI) diagnostic ability. While 10:1 compression showed no significant difference, 50:1 compression significantly decreased AI detection rates for pulmonary nodules.

Keywords:
artificial intelligencechest radiographsirreversible compressionpulmonary nodule

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Irreversible compression of DICOM files reduces data size but its impact on AI diagnostic performance is understudied.
  • Pulmonary nodule detection using AI is crucial for early lung cancer diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effect of irreversible compression ratios on AI software's ability to detect pulmonary nodules.
  • To analyze the influence of nodule characteristics on AI detection rates under different compression levels.

Main Methods:

  • 335 patients with pulmonary nodules were included.
  • Chest radiographs underwent irreversible compression at 10:1 and 50:1 ratios.
  • AI software was used to detect nodules, and associations between detection rates and nodule properties (location, morphology, diameter) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • AI detected 56.1% of nodules in uncompressed images, 54.9% at 10:1 compression, and 52.2% at 50:1 compression.
  • A significant decrease in detection was observed with 50:1 compression compared to uncompressed and 10:1 compressed images (p < 0.05).
  • Nodule diameter, morphology, and overlap significantly affected AI detection rates across all compression ratios (p < 0.0001).

Conclusions:

  • 10:1 irreversible compression did not significantly impact AI-based lung nodule detection.
  • 50:1 irreversible compression led to a significant decrease in AI detection rates for pulmonary nodules.
  • Nodule characteristics remain critical factors influencing AI detection performance regardless of compression.