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Evolution of Gas Film and Corresponding Drag Reduction Performance in Microchannels with Multi-Configuration Wall

Hongfei Wang¹, Ruiyang Li¹, Zhenya Liu¹

¹School of Electromechanical and Automotive Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai 264005, China.

Materials (Basel, Switzerland)

|June 12, 2026

Summary

Optimizing wall microstructures in microchannels creates stable gas films, significantly increasing slip length and reducing fluid flow resistance for efficient drag reduction.

Keywords:

drag reduction gas film microchannel microstructures slip length

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Area of Science:

Fluid dynamics
Microfluidics
Surface science

Background:

Gas films at solid-liquid interfaces reduce fluid flow resistance.
Microchannel flow is crucial for various applications.
Controlling gas film formation is key to enhancing flow efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the impact of groove microstructures on gas film formation and fluid flow in microchannels.
To analyze how groove geometry and layering influence gas film stability and slip length.
To provide insights for designing microfluidic devices with efficient drag reduction.

Main Methods:

Numerical simulations were employed to model bubble evolution into gas films.
The study analyzed the effects of groove number, shape, and double-layer microstructures.
Fluid boundary slip length and drag reduction were quantified.

Main Results:

Increasing groove number enhanced gas film continuity and stability.
Rectangular grooves yielded a 23.9% higher slip length compared to triangular grooves.
Bilayer microstructures, particularly with smaller periods, improved gas film characteristics and drag reduction.

Conclusions:

Rational design of wall microstructures promotes stable gas films and enhanced slip length.
Optimized microstructures lead to efficient drag reduction in microfluidic systems.
Findings offer guidance for advanced microfluidic device structural design.