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Enzyme-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Steam-Exploded Ganoderma lucidum and Its Yield, Structural
Jing Liu1,2,3, Zhihao Yang1,2,3, Jiamin Huang1,2,3
1State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)
|June 12, 2026
Summary
Enzymatic extraction significantly boosts Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide yields, yielding a potent immunomodulator. This novel method enhances polysaccharide production for potential health applications.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Pharmacology
- Natural Products Chemistry
Background:
- Polysaccharides are key bioactive compounds in Ganoderma lucidum.
- Low yields limit the industrial application of Ganoderma lucidum.
- Efficient extraction methods are needed to increase polysaccharide availability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an enzymatic extraction method for increasing Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide yield.
- To isolate and characterize a purified polysaccharide fraction (GLP-L).
- To investigate the immunomodulatory activity of GLP-L.
Main Methods:
- Steam explosion followed by enzymatic extraction of Ganoderma lucidum.
- Isolation and purification of polysaccharide fraction GLP-L.
- Structural analysis using methylation, NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy.
- Evaluation of immunomodulatory activity using RAW264.7 macrophage model.
Main Results:
- Enzymatic extraction yielded 15.39% crude polysaccharide, a 6.96-fold increase over the water method.
- A homogeneous polysaccharide GLP-L (MW 5.59 × 10^6 Da) was isolated.
- GLP-L comprises D-mannose, D-glucose, D-xylose, and D-galactose with a specific linkage sequence.
- GLP-L enhanced macrophage phagocytic activity, immune enzyme activity, nitric oxide, and cytokine secretion.
Conclusions:
- Enzyme-assisted extraction is an effective strategy for significantly increasing Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide yield.
- The isolated GLP-L exhibits significant immunomodulatory properties.
- This study presents a novel approach for producing polysaccharide-based immunomodulators from Ganoderma lucidum.
