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Published on: March 9, 2021
Mildew-Induced Resistance in Roses Against Spodoptera exigua and Chemical Compounds Produced During the Defense
Guiyan Chen1, Ruiqing Jiang1, Jun Feng2
1Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China.
Mildew infection in roses activates non-volatile compounds that deter beet armyworm larval feeding. These compounds, including dehydro(11,12) ursolic acid lactone, show potential for eco-friendly pest management.
Area of Science:
- Plant Pathology
- Chemical Ecology
- Entomology
Background:
- Roses (Rosa chinensis) infected with powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa) exhibit resistance to beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) larvae.
- While volatile compounds from infected roses are known to deter oviposition, the non-volatile resistance mechanisms remain uncharacterized.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the non-volatile resistance mechanisms in mildew-induced roses against Spodoptera exigua larval feeding.
- To identify specific compounds in rose leaf extracts responsible for deterring larval feeding.
Main Methods:
- Larval feeding bioassays using leaf extracts from healthy and mildew-infected roses.
- Untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) metabolomic analysis of rose leaf tissues.
- Identification and quantification of differentially accumulated metabolites.
- Determination of EC50 values for identified compounds against S. exigua larvae.
Main Results:
- Infected rose leaf extracts significantly inhibited larval feeding by 68.55%.
- Metabolomic analysis revealed 64 differentially accumulated metabolites, with five triterpenoids (dehydro(11,12) ursolic acid lactone, maslinic acid, trametenolic acid B, betulonic acid, and ganolucidic acid B) significantly upregulated.
- All five identified compounds inhibited larval feeding, with dehydro(11,12) ursolic acid lactone (Compound A) and ganolucidic acid B (Compound E) exhibiting the strongest activity (EC50 values of 0.015 and 0.014 mg/mL, respectively).
Conclusions:
- Mildew infection induces non-volatile resistance in roses, mediated by specific upregulated triterpenoids.
- These compounds, particularly dehydro(11,12) ursolic acid lactone and ganolucidic acid B, demonstrate potential as natural, eco-friendly agents for managing beet armyworm infestations.
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