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Physical, Chemical and Biological Characterization of Six Biochars Produced for the Remediation of Contaminated Sites
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Published on: November 28, 2014

Cultivation System Dominates Cucumber Performance and Root-Zone Microbiomes Across Biochar Particle Sizes.

Seyed Mohammad Hashemi1,2, Moritz Graeff3, Emmanuel A Nai1,2

  • 1The Centre for Applied Research, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Lethbridge Polytechnic, Lethbridge, AB T1K 1L6, Canada.

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|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Aquaponics (AQ) systems outperform hydroponics (HP) in cucumber growth and yield, especially with bamboo biochar substrates. The cultivation system, not substrate type, significantly impacts plant performance and root microbiomes.

Keywords:
aquaponicsbiochar particle sizecucumberelectrophysiologyhydroponicsnutrient dynamicsroot-zone microbiome

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A Hydroponic Co-cultivation System for Simultaneous and Systematic Analysis of Plant/Microbe Molecular Interactions and Signaling

Published on: July 22, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Horticultural science
  • Microbiology
  • Sustainable agriculture

Background:

  • Hydroponic (HP) and aquaponic (AQ) systems are key in controlled environment agriculture.
  • The interplay between nutrient delivery systems, substrate properties, and root-zone microbiomes is not fully understood.
  • Substrate physical structure impacts water retention, aeration, plant growth, and microbial communities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the combined effects of nutrient delivery systems (HP vs. AQ) and substrate physical structure (biochar vs. coconut coir) on cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.).
  • To analyze crop performance, yield, nutrient dynamics, physiological stress, and bacterial community composition.
  • To determine the dominant factor influencing cucumber growth and root-zone bacteria.

Main Methods:

  • Cucumber plants were grown in hydroponic and aquaponic systems using bamboo-derived biochar and coconut coir substrates.
  • Evaluated vegetative growth, total yield, nutrient concentrations (nitrate), and physiological stress indicators.
  • Analyzed bacterial community composition in the root zone.

Main Results:

  • Aquaponic systems enhanced vegetative growth and total yield compared to hydroponic systems, with coarse biochar yielding the most (28.6 kg m⁻²).
  • Aquaponics showed greater nutrient availability (up to 226 mg L⁻¹ nitrate) and reduced plant physiological stress, especially with biochar substrates.
  • Cultivation system (AQ vs. HP) was the primary driver of bacterial community variation (19.3%), while substrate type had minimal impact.

Conclusions:

  • Aquaponic systems, particularly with biochar substrates, offer superior cucumber growth, yield, and reduced plant stress compared to hydroponics.
  • The cultivation system is the dominant factor influencing cucumber performance and root-zone bacterial communities.
  • Bamboo biochar substrates show promise for enhancing crop production in aquaponic and hydroponic systems.