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Older married couples' sexual expression: A dyadic latent class analysis.

David F Warner^1,2, Heidi A Lyons³

¹University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.

Journal of Social and Personal Relationships

|June 12, 2026

Summary

Older married couples exhibit diverse sexual expression patterns. Health, particularly sexual difficulties, significantly influences these patterns, highlighting the need for tailored geriatric care.

Keywords:

Aging gender marriage older adults sexual attitudes sexual behavior

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Sociology of Aging
Sexual Health

Background:

Older adults' sexual behavior, desires, and motivations are often studied in isolation.
Understanding the complex nature of sexual expression in long-term married older couples requires a dyadic approach.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and describe distinct configurations of sexual expression among older married couples.
To examine factors associated with different patterns of sexual engagement in later life.

Main Methods:

Dyadic latent class analysis was applied to data from 953 heterosexual couples in long-term marriages.
The National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (NSHAP) Wave 2 data were utilized.

Main Results:

Four distinct latent classes of couples' sexual expression were identified.
Husbands generally reported higher sexual desire and motivation than wives across all classes.
Higher sexual engagement was associated with more frequent activities, greater satisfaction, and higher perceived importance of sex.
Health factors, especially sexual difficulties, were the strongest predictors of class membership, with husbands' health being more influential.

Conclusions:

Sexual expression among older married couples is multifaceted and varies significantly.
Healthcare providers should recognize the diversity of sexual activities and potential unmet needs in older adults.
Addressing sexual health is crucial for the overall well-being of aging populations.