Space closure rate and anchorage control during maxillary anterior en-masse retraction using bidimensional versus...

Efficient orthodontic space closure depends on optimal control of friction, anchorage and anterior torque. Therefore, it is of interest to compare four maxillary anterior retraction techniques-conventional sliding mechanics, bidimensional wire technique, bidimensional slot technique and a double-slot bracket system-by evaluating the rate and amount of space closure, anchorage loss, molar rotation and torque control. Forty patients were equally divided into four groups and treatment effects were assessed using standardized model analysis and cephalometric measurements. Bidimensional and double-slot techniques demonstrated significantly faster rates of space closure and superior torque control compared with conventional sliding mechanics. At the same time, anchorage loss and molar rotation were comparable among all groups. Thus, we show the biomechanical efficiency of bidimensional retraction techniques with conventional mechanics during maxillary anterior space closure.