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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against specific...

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Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
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Low-Dose 125I-Irradiation Enhances PRC1-Targeted NIS-CAR-T Cell Cytotoxicity Against Breast Cancer Cells.

Mengda Niu1, Bai Yang1, Xinxin Zhou2

  • 1College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Molecular Imaging
|June 12, 2026
PubMed
Summary

This study engineered chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to target solid tumors by combining radiotherapy with immunotherapy. This novel approach enhances CAR-T cell effectiveness in challenging tumor microenvironments.

Keywords:
125ICAR-TNISbreast cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Oncology
  • Radiotherapy

Background:

  • Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T therapy faces challenges in solid tumors due to immunosuppressive microenvironments and limited T-cell infiltration.
  • Radiotherapy has immunomodulatory effects, but its synergy with CAR-T therapy using internal radionuclides is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the synergy between radiotherapy and CAR-T therapy for solid tumors.
  • To engineer novel CAR-T cells with enhanced capabilities for targeting solid tumors.

Main Methods:

  • Identified protein regulator of cytokinesis 1 (PRC1) as a novel immunotherapeutic target.
  • Engineered PRC1-specific CAR-T cells coexpressing the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) and an shRNA targeting SLC26A4 for enhanced iodide uptake.
  • Utilized low-dose 125I for internal irradiation to assess CAR-T cell function and tumor cell lysis.

Main Results:

  • Engineered NIS-CAR-T cells exhibited potent, antigen-restricted cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion against breast cancer cells.
  • Low-dose 125I selectively induced tumor cell cytolysis without impairing CAR-T cell function.
  • Internal irradiation significantly enhanced CAR-T killing at low effector-to-target ratios, even in low-antigen tumors.

Conclusions:

  • Introduced a multifunctional CAR-T platform integrating internal radiotherapy to overcome solid tumor barriers.
  • Developed a radiosensitized cellular therapy designed for hostile tumor microenvironments.
  • Demonstrated a promising strategy to improve CAR-T therapy efficacy in solid tumors.