Enhanced Anti-Counterfeiting Using Dynamic Encryption with Dual Physically Unclonable Functions

Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) rely on randomness, stability, and uniqueness of physical systems, thereby protecting information from unauthorized access. This study presents an advanced optical PUF tag that uses Raman signals to detect multiple peaks, creating a multilayered encryption strategy that can enhance security significantly. By employing microwires (MWs) from various materials, this approach enables dual encryption through distinctive Raman peaks. Each PUF tag generates two unique keys (Ga₂O₃ and ZnO) based on Raman mapping, and these keys are dynamically assigned as either key A (primary) or key B (secondary) to further bolster security level. Analysis of the pixel-level data indicates high consistency between keys from the same tag and notable differences between different tags. This dual-encryption strategy combined with dynamic key assignment provides a robust approach for enhancing information security and anticounterfeiting performance.